Birhor

BIY

vigorous

Alternate Names: Bihor, Birhar, Birhore, Birhul, Mankidi, Mankidia, Mankiria

Dialects: None known. Lexical similarity: 55%–72% with Santhali ,, Ho ,, Mundari ,, and Munda ,.

Genealogy:

Austro-Asiatic
Munda
North Munda
Kherwari
Mundari

Demographics: 2,000 (Van Driem 2007). Nomadic habits make assessment difficult. Some estimates as low as 1,000 (Parkin 1991).

Language Use: Vigorous. No indication of language shift. Most domains. Positive attitudes. Also use Hindi [hin], Ho [hoc], Munda [unx], Mundari [unr], Oriya [ory], Sadri [sck], Santhali [sat].

Language Development: Literacy rate in L1: Below 1%. Literacy rate in L2: 10% Hindi.

Writing System: Devanagari

Nation of Origin: India

Other Comments: A Scheduled Tribe. Traditionally nomadic. Hindu, traditional religion.