Alternate Names: Chabacano, Chabakano, Zamboangueño
Dialects: Caviteño, Cotabato Chavacano (Cotabateño), Davaweño Zamboangueño (Abakay Spanish, Davao Chavacano, Davaoeño, Davaweño), Ermitaño (Ermiteño), Ternateño (Ternateño Chavacano), Zamboangueño (Chavacano).
Genealogy:
Demographics: 1,200,000 (Quilis 1996). 155,000 Zamboangueño (Holm 1989); 359,000 Zamboangueño (Rubino 2008); 27,800 Caviteño; 3,750 Ternateño (1975 census); 5,470 Cotabato Chavacano (Wurm and Hattori 1981).
Language Use: Davaweño Zamboangueño dialect may have no remaining speakers. Ermiteño is extinct; Zamboangueño, Caviteño, and Cotabateño are still used. Most domains. All ages. Positive attitudes. Nearly all also use Filipino [fil]. Also use Cebuano [ceb], Tausug [tsg]. Used as L2 by Balangingih Sama [sse], Central Sama [sml], Yakan [yka].
Language Development: Literacy rate in L1: 80%. Literacy rate in L2: 80%. Taught in primary schools. Poetry. Radio programs. Films. TV. Dictionary. Grammar. NT: 1981.
Typology: Accusative actancy structure.
Writing System: Braille, Latin
Nation of Origin: Philippines
Other Comments: A creole with predominantly Spanish vocabulary and Philippine-type grammatical structure. Christian.