Alternate Names: Dzhunyan, Kwuizwu, Tungan, Zwn’jan
Dialects: Ganzu (Gansu), Shaanxi (Shensi), Yage. Shaanxi and Ganzu varieties have difficult mutual inherent intelligibility. Debate over whether Dungan has 3 tones (a merging of 2 standard Mandarin tones) or 4 tones (with only a partial merging of the 2 standard Mandarin tones). Different from Mandarin , in phonology and lexicon.
Genealogy:
Demographics: 40,000 in Kyrgyzstan (Johnstone and Mandryk 2001). Population total all countries: 41,900. Ethnic population: 100,000.
Language Use: Those under 50–55 speak Russian [rus] as L1.
Language Development: Bible portions: 2002–2011.
Writing System: Cyrillic
Nation of Origin: Kyrgyzstan
Other Comments: Came from China over 100 years ago. Muslim (Sunni).