Ghale, Northern

GHH

threatened

Alternate Names: Lila, Ril-Lila

Dialects: Jagat, Khorla, Nyak, Philim, Uiya. Nyak is most diverse dialect. Philim has 94% intelligibility of Uiya. 75%–79% intelligibility of Barpak in Southern Ghale ,. Dialect chain runs north and south. Lexical similarity: 73%–89% among dialects, 65%–81% with Southern Ghale ,, 45%–61% with Kuke ,, 29%–37% with Western Tamang ,, 21%–27% with Nubri ,, 22%–25% with Tsum ,, 19%–23% with Kyerung (Kyirong) ,, 19%–21% with Tibetan ,.

Genealogy:

Sino-Tibetan
Tibeto-Burman
Western Tibeto-Burman
Bodish
West Bodish
Ghale

Demographics: 4,440 (2006 SIL). 400 monolinguals.

Language Use: Vigorous. Home, friends, religion, work. Young adults and older. Some use among children and adolescents. Positive attitudes. Speakers in Philim, Lho, and Bihi have no more than basic bilingual proficiency in Nepali [npi].

Writing System: Unwritten

Nation of Origin: Nepal

Other Comments: Buddhist, Christian, Hindu.