Humla

HUT

vigorous

Alternate Names: Dangali, “Humla Bhotia” (pej.), Humli Khyampa, Phoke

Dialects: Humli Khyampa, La Yakba, Limi, Nyinba, Upper Humla. Nyinba is nearly unintelligible to other Humla Tibetans but speakers report all dialects are mutually intelligible (Wilde 2001).

Genealogy:

Sino-Tibetan
Tibeto-Burman
Western Tibeto-Burman
Bodish
Central Bodish
Central
gTsang

Demographics: 4,000 (Sharma and Gautam 1999).

Language Use: Home, friends, religion, work. All ages. Positive attitudes. Also use Central Tibetan [bod].

Language Development: Literacy rate in L2: 10%–15% Tibetan [bod]. Some schools using English [eng] medium, some Tibetan [bod] instruction.

Typology: SOV; postposition; noun head initial; noun classes or genders; content q-word in situ; 1 prefix, up to 3 suffixes; case-marking and word order; verbal affixation marks person (conjunct vs. disjunct distinction); tense and aspect; no passives or voice; 35 consonants (Limi variety) and 7 vowel phonemes; tonal.

Writing System: Unwritten

Nation of Origin: Nepal

Other Comments: Buddhist.