Alternate Names: Kalagan, Tagakaulu, Tagakaolo
Dialects: None known. About 85% intelligibility with Mansaka ,.
Genealogy:
Demographics: 83,000 (2000 census). 40,000 monolinguals. Ethnic population: 100,000.
Language Use: Vigorous. All domains except church, trade. All ages. Positive attitudes. 60,000 also use Cebuano [ceb]. 60,000 also use Hiligaynon [hil].
Language Development: Literacy rate in L1: 20%–30%. Literacy rate in L2: 20%–30%. Literacy instruction continues for out-of-school youth and adults in non-public school and some church settings. Taught in primary schools in several tribal schools. Public schools taught in English (2007 SIL). Poetry. Radio programs. Videos. Bible portions: 1964–2009.
Typology: VOS, VSO; prepositions; genitives before noun heads; articles before adjectives, before and after numerals, before noun heads; relatives after noun heads; question word in sentence-initial position; 3 maximum prefixes, 2 maximum suffixes; word order distinguishes subjects, objects and indirect objects when case does not, word order distinguishes given and new information, topic and comment; affixes do not indicate case of noun phrases; verb affixes mark number; ergativity; passives; causatives; comparatives; CV, CVC, CVV; nontonal.
Writing System: Latin
Nation of Origin: Philippines
Other Comments: Christian, traditional religion.