Alternate Names: Chiluvale, Lovale, Lubale, Luena, Lwena
Status Notes: De facto provincial language in Northwestern and Western provinces.
Genealogy:
Demographics: 171,000 in Zambia (2010 census). Population total all countries: 635,000.
Language Use: Recognized for educational and administrative purposes. A dominant regional language. Home, community, traditional ceremonies. All ages. Positive attitudes.
Language Development: Taught in primary and secondary schools. Newspapers. Radio programs. TV. Bible: 1955–1970.
Writing System: Latin
Nation of Origin: Zambia
Other Comments: Traditional religion, Christian.