Alternate Names: Haimi, Hawa, Heimi, Kuwa, Pangmi, Pangwa, Rangpan, Rangpang, Tangshang, Tangwa
Dialects: Asen (Aasen, Hansin, Raqsa, Yasa), Bote (Bongtai, Butay, Hteinpa, Nokpa, Nukpa), Chamchang (Kimsing), Chamkok (Tamko, Thamkok), Champhang (Thamphang), Cholim (Tawlum, Tulim, Tulum), Chuyo (Wanggu, Wangoo), Gaha (Halum), Gakat (Wakka, Wanga), Gaqchan (Gashan), Gawkchung (Kochong), Hacheng (Hakyai), Hachum (Chumnyu, Chumsa, Gachung), Hakhü (Gakhi, Hachi, Hakhii, Hatse), Hakhun (Gakhun), Haman (Gaman), Hapaw, Hasik (Awla, Awlay, Laju), Henchin (Sanching, Shangchein), Hokuq, Jöngi (Dongai, Donghee, Dongi), Kaisan (Kyetsan), Khalak (Hkalak), Kon (Chawang, Kyawan, Yawngkon, Yongkon), Kotlum (Kawlum), Kumka (Kum Ga, Kumga), Lakki (Lakai), Lama, Lochang (Lanchein, Langshin), Lonyung (Galawn, Galun), Lumnu, Lungkhi (Longkhai), Lungri, Maitai (Meitei, Mitay), Miku (Maihku), Mitay (Maitai), Moshang (Mawshang), Mungre (Mawrang, Morang), Nahen (Nahim, Nahin), Ngaimong (Maimong, Ngaimau), Pingku (Pyengoo), Ranchi (Rangchein), Ranu, Rara, Rasa, Rera (Ronrang), Riha (Lulum), Ringkhu (Rangkhu), Sansik (Sheiknyo, Siknyo, Sikpo), Shangti (Sangtai, Shangthi), Shangwan (Changwan, Shangwal, Shawvel), Shekyü (Sangche, Sanke, Shaekjeng, Shaekyeu), Shokra (Sawkrang, Shaukra, Shograng), Toke (Tawkay), Yangno. A group of many Naga speech varieties, some of which are separate languages. Intelligibility high between some speech varieties; low between others. Intelligibility between varieties is higher in the north and fairly low in the south. Wide range of lexical similarity within dialects, from 35%–97%.
Genealogy:
Demographics: 60,000 in Myanmar (2010). Population total all countries: 100,100.
Language Use: Vigorous in remote areas; lessening in town areas. Shifting to Burmese [mya] in town areas. All domains in remote areas. All ages. Positive attitudes. Also use Burmese [mya].
Language Development: Literacy rate in L1: Below 1%. Radio programs. NT: 1992–2007.
Typology: SOV; postpositions; genitives, articles before noun heads; numerals, adjectives after head nouns; question word final; word order distinguishes subject, object, and indirect object; ergative-absolutive marked, particles indicate case after the noun; passives; tonal.
Writing System: Latin
Nation of Origin: Myanmar
Other Comments: This group is called Tangshang in Myanmar and Tangsa in India. Tase is the Chamchang (Kimsing) pronunciation of the name. Christian, Buddhist.