Alternate Names: Huaraz Quechua
Dialects: Huailas (Huaylas), Huaraz, Yungay. Not intelligible of Cusco ,, Ayacucho ,, Huaylla Wanca Quechua ,, Cajamarca ,, Chachapoyas Quechua ,, or San Martín Quechua , (Parker 1976). A member of macrolanguage Quechua ,.
Genealogy:
Demographics: 336,000 (2000). 20,000 monolinguals.
Language Use: People in and near the mestizo towns in the valley increasingly proficient in Spanish. Communities at higher elevations maintain use in all domains. Bilinguals working in an office will use mostly Spanish at work. Use of the language in the communities away from and above the mestizo population centers is vigorous (2011 D. Hintz). Home, friends, market, social gatherings. Few children in lower elevation and higher population areas, all children at the higher elevations. Positive attitudes. 200,000 also use Spanish [spa]. Bilingualism more developed in men than women.
Language Development: Literacy rate in L1: Below 5%. Literacy rate in L2: 25%–50%. Bilingual education in some Quechua areas. Poetry. Radio programs. TV. Dictionary. Grammar. NT: 1993–2007.
Typology: SOV.
Writing System: Latin
Nation of Origin: Peru
Other Comments: Christian.