Alternate Names: Bino-Bolinao, Binubolinao, Binubulinao, Bolinao Sambal, Bolinao Zambal, Bulinaw, Sambal Bolinao
Genealogy:
Demographics: 51,200 (2007 census), decreasing. 510 monolinguals. Ethnic population: 104,000. L2 users: 5,000. Used by outsiders for marketing, politics, some teachers.
Language Use: Shifting to Filipino [fil]. All ages, especially in the islands. Positive attitudes. English [eng] acquired in school. Filipino [fil] used at home, school, and community; Filipino is acquired through intermarriage and community relations. Used as L2 by Cebuano [ceb], Ilocano [ilo], Tagalog [tgl].
Language Development: Literacy rate in L1: Over 90%. Literacy rate in L2: Over 90% in Filipino (Tagalog); 40% in English. Pilot project in one school. Taught as a course in some secondary schools. Poetry. Dictionary. NT: 2012.
Typology: VSO; verb affixation indicates relationships of constituents and directions; gender not marked. Initial content question word; no obligatory yes-no question marker; rhetorical or emotional question word, verb phrase medially; 14 unique consonants and 4 vowels in the non-borrowed words.
Writing System: Latin
Nation of Origin: Philippines
Other Comments: Christian (Roman Catholic), Christian (Protestant).