Tharu, Kochila

THQ

developing

Alternate Names: Saptariya Tharu

Dialects: Dhanusa, Mahottari, Morangiya, Saptari, Sarlahi, Siraha, Sunsari, Udayapur. Each district has a different variety. Dialect names refer to districts. Lexical similarity: 51%–59% with Kathariya Tharu, 46%–52% with Dangaura Tharu.

Status Notes: Language of recognized indigenous nationality: Tharu, Dhanuk.

Genealogy:

Indo-European
Indo-Iranian
Indo-Aryan
Eastern zone
Unclassified

Demographics: 258,000 in Nepal (2003), increasing. Population for all Tharu varieties: 1,530,000 (2011 census). Mostly illiterate older women are monolingual. L2 users: 46,600 L2 speakers for all Tharu languages (1991 census).

Language Use: Vigorous. Home, friends, religion; mixed use: Work, education. All ages. Positive attitudes. Also use Maithili [mai], Nepali [npi].

Language Development: Literacy rate in L1: Below 1%. Mother-tongue multilingual education introduced in one school. Literacy increasing. Taught in primary schools. Radio programs. Films. Videos. Dictionary.

Typology: SOV; postpositions; noun head final; no gender; content q-word in situ; 1 prefix, up to 3 suffixes; clause constituents indicated by case-marking; verbal affixation marks person; tense and aspect; passives (syntactic, not morphological); nontonal; 32 consonant and 8 vowel phonemes.

Writing System: Devanagari

Nation of Origin: Nepal

Other Comments: Tharu from each district usually take the district name as a more specific name or identity. Other Tharu in Siraha, Udayapur, and Saptari districts who call themselves Kochila but speak Sapatariya Tharu. Traditional religion, Christian.