Tshangla

TSJ

educational

Alternate Names: Menba, Monpa, Sangla, Sarchapkkha, Shachobiikha, Shachopkha, Sharchagpakha, Sharchhop-kha, Tsangla, Tshalingpa

Dialects: None known. Standard variety in Tashigang. Tshangla is nearly identical to that of eastern Bhutan, except for the loss of initial voicing and tonogenesis in Tibet. Differs from Tawan Monba , in phonology, vocabulary, and grammar, and Tawan Monba and Tshangla are not mutually intelligible. Lexical similarity: 40%–50% with Bumthangkha ,, 48% with Dzongkha ,, 41% with Adap ,.

Status Notes: De facto language of provincial identity in eastern and southeastern Bhutan.

Genealogy:

Sino-Tibetan
Tibeto-Burman
Western Tibeto-Burman
Bodish

Demographics: 140,000 in Bhutan (1999 SIL). Population total all countries: 158,200.

Language Use: Also use Dzongkha [dzo]. Used as L2 by Khengkha [xkf].

Language Development: Literacy rate in L1: 47% (2003 SIL). Literacy rate in L2: Below 1%. Radio programs. Grammar. Bible portions: 2000.

Typology: SOV; numbers and adjectives follow noun head; singular-dual-plural personal pronouns; nontonal.

Writing System: Tibetan (Uchen)

Nation of Origin: Bhutan

Other Comments: Ethnonym: Schachop (sg.), Sharchhokpa (pl.) in Dzongkha. Not the same as Tsanglo (Angami Naga) of Assam, India. May also be classified as North Assam, Monpa. Buddhist.