Alternate Names: European Oirat, Kalmack, Kalmuck, Kalmuk, Kalmytskii Jazyk, Khalli, Oirat, Qalmaq, Volga Oirat, Western Mongolian
Dialects: Buzawa, Dörböt (Derbet, Dörbet, Dörböd), Oirat (Oyrat), Sart Qalmaq, Torgut (Torghoud, Torghud, Torguud, Torguut). Diverged from other Mongolian languages. Called Kalmyk in the Russian Federation; Oirat in China and Mongolia; in the United States, Kalmyk not heavily influenced by Russian ,. Different from other varieties in China called Oirat ,, which are sometimes called Asiatic Oirat. In Mongolia, some scholars consider Oirat to be a dialect of Halh Mongolian ,.
Genealogy:
Demographics: 80,500 in Russian Federation (2010 census). Population total all countries: 360,500. Ethnic population: 183,000 (2010 census).
Language Use: 91% speak it as L1. A few children learn the language. Tibetan [bod] is religious language. Also use Russian [rus].
Language Development: NT: 1827–2009.
Writing System: Cyrillic, Mongolian (Todo)
Nation of Origin: Russian Federation
Other Comments: The modern literary language is mainly based on the Torgut dialect, though it incorporates a large number of concessions to Dörböt. Buddhist (Lamaist).