Alternate Names: Upland Yuman, Upper Colorado River Yuman
Dialects: Havasupai, Walapai (Hualapai, Hualpai, Hwalbáy), Yavapai. 78%–98% intelligibility among dialects. Lexical similarity: 91%–95% among dialects.
Genealogy:
Demographics: 1,600 (Golla 2007). 500 Havasupai, 1,000 Walapai, 100–150 Yavapai (Golla 2007). Ethnic population: 3,860 (Ichihashi-Nakayama 2007). Including 570 Havasupai, 1,870 Walapai, 1,420 Yavapai (Ichihashi-Nakayama 2004).
Language Use: Bilingual education programs in Walapai and Havasupai. Yavapai taught in reservation school in Prescott (Golla 2007). All ages for Walapai, Havasupai, middle-aged and older for Yavapai (Golla 2007). Also use English [eng].
Language Development: Literacy rate in L1: 1%–5%. Literacy rate in L2: 75%–100%. Grammar. Bible portions: 1980.
Writing System: Latin
Nation of Origin: United States